Finding a wild animal in distress can be overwhelming, but the right steps can make all the difference. Before taking action, it’s important to assess the situation carefully—some animals may not need help, while others require urgent care. Follow this step-by-step guide to determine the best course of action, ensure your safety, and give the animal the best chance of recovery. Every action counts.
Step 1: Assess the Situation
Before intervening, observe the animal from a safe distance. Many animals freeze when scared, so it’s important to determine if it is truly injured. Signs that an animal may need help include:
- Visible wounds, bleeding, or broken limbs
- Difficulty standing, walking, or flying
- Unresponsiveness, disorientation, or weakness
- Flies, maggots, or ants on the body
- A baby animal that has been attacked by a predator
If the animal is displaying any of these signs, it likely needs assistance. However, some animals that appear alone or motionless are not necessarily injured. Many young animals, such as fawns and fledgling birds, are left alone by their parents for long periods as part of their natural behavior.
Step 2: Determine If It’s Safe to Help
Not all animals can or should be handled by the public. Do not attempt to pick up or move large mammals, birds of prey, or rabies-vector species (such as raccoons, skunks, bats, and foxes). These animals require professional handling and may pose a risk to human safety. Instead, contact a local wildlife rehabilitation center immediately.
If the injured animal is small and not dangerous, you may be able to help contain it for transport to a professional.
Step 3: Contain the Animal Safely
If the animal is in immediate danger—such as being near a road, in a high-traffic area, or at risk of predation—follow these steps to safely contain it:
- Prepare a Secure Container – Use a well-ventilated box lined with a soft, unscented cloth. Avoid using wire cages, as they can cause further injury.
- Wear Gloves and Handle with Care – Use gloves or a towel to gently place the animal inside. Keep handling to a minimum to reduce stress.
- Keep It Warm and Quiet – Place the box in a warm, dark, and quiet area away from noise, pets, and children. Stress can worsen an animal’s condition.
- Do Not Feed or Give Water – Feeding an injured animal the wrong diet can be dangerous. Water can also cause aspiration if given incorrectly. Wait for guidance from a professional.
- Contact a Wildlife Rehabilitation Center – Reach out to your local wildlife rescue for instructions on what to do next. They can assess whether the animal requires immediate care.
Step 4: What Not to Do
- Do not attempt to treat injuries yourself. Applying bandages, ointments, or medications can cause harm. Only trained professionals should administer medical care.
- Do not assume an animal is orphaned. Many young animals are left alone by their parents and do not need intervention. Removing them from their habitat may do more harm than good.
- Do not try to rehabilitate wildlife on your own. Keeping wild animals, even with good intentions, is illegal in many areas without proper permits. They require specialized diets and care.
- Do not force interaction. Injured wildlife are highly stressed and see humans as predators. Keeping the environment calm is essential for their survival.
Step 5: Extra Tips for Helping Injured Wildlife
- Secure pets before helping wildlife. Keep dogs and cats away from injured animals to prevent additional stress or injury.
- Drive carefully in wildlife-prone areas. Many injuries result from vehicle collisions. Slowing down in known wildlife corridors can prevent accidents.
- Educate others about wildlife safety. Many people unknowingly cause harm by handling wildlife incorrectly. Sharing accurate information can help protect more animals.
If you ever find an injured wild animal and are unsure what to do, the best course of action is always to contact a wildlife rehabilitation center. They have the knowledge and resources to provide the care the animal needs. By acting responsibly and seeking expert guidance, you can make a real difference in an animal’s chances of recovery and return to the wild.
